What should I know about ulcerative colitis?
Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that causes inflammation and ulcers to develop in the large intestines. It’s a chronic condition that requires ongoing medical management.
Researchers aren’t certain of the exact cause of ulcerative colitis but theorize that it may develop due to a malfunction in your immune system that causes an abnormal response to an invading virus or bacteria.
What are the symptoms of ulcerative colitis?
Ulcerative colitis symptoms may develop slowly over time and come and go. Common symptoms include:
- Diarrhea tinged with blood or mucus
- Abdominal pain
- Urgent need to defecate, followed by an inability to go
- Weight loss
- Fever
- Rectal bleeding
The types of symptoms you experience may also depend on the location of your inflammation.
What are the types of ulcerative colitis?
Ulcerative colitis is divided into types based on the location of the disease:
- Ulcerative proctitis: Inflammation and ulcers at the rectum
- Left-sided colitis: Inflammation in the rectum, sigmoid colon, and descending colon
- Pancolitis: Entire colon is affected
- Proctosigmoiditis: Inflammation in the rectum and sigmoid colon
Although rare, you can also develop acute severe ulcerative colitis, which is the most severe type and affects the entire colon, causing symptoms such as profuse diarrhea, extreme pain, and inability to eat.
How is ulcerative colitis diagnosed?
Your specialist at Colorado Gastroenterology conducts a comprehensive examination to determine the underlying cause of your symptoms. Your exam may include a review of your symptoms and medical history, physical exam, and specialized testing, such as a stool test or colonoscopy.
What are the treatments for ulcerative colitis?
Treatment for ulcerative colitis may include medications or surgery. Your Colorado Gastroenterology specialist develops the most effective treatment plan for you based on your symptoms, the type of ulcerative colitis you have, and your medical history.
To minimize your symptoms and help you manage the disease, your specialist may prescribe various medications, such as anti-inflammatories or pain medication. You may also need vitamin and mineral supplements.
If you can’t get relief from your symptoms with medication, your specialist may recommend surgery, which usually involves the removal of your entire colon and rectum.
For the management of your ulcerative colitis from an experienced team, call Colorado Gastroenterology today.
